Over the past 70 years, China has forged ahead against all odds and embarked on  a path of major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Standing at a new  historical starting point, China’s foreign policy will achieve make new and greater  contributions to the realization of the two centenary goals and the Chinese dream  of national rejuvenation.

Africa has great potential for development in the digital economy. The ChinaAfrica joint endeavor on the Digital Silk Road provides new opportunities for  African countries to integrate into the global industrial and value chain on an  equal basis, and creates suitable channels for China to share the dividends of digital  transformation.

In building the blue economic passage leading up to Europe via the Arctic Ocean,  China and the Nordic countries should jointly explore a new mode of mutually  beneficial and win-win cooperation, which requires thinking in an innovative  manner, and relies on practically tackling challenges and jointly seeking solutions.

Under the framework of Indo-Pacific strategy, Australia has in recent years increased  its diplomatic, economic and security input in the South Pacific, which will exert a  profound impact on regional geopolitics. However, some factors may affect whether  Australia’s South Pacific policy could achieve its expected strategic goals.

Based on their own national interests, Middle Eastern countries have become actively  involved in Horn of Africa affairs to realize their respective strategic objectives.  Despite some positive implications, the military assistance and security-related  construction aimed at suppressing opponents could essentially bring drawbacks to  the region’s long-term stability.

The Trump administration’s protectionist trade policy, featuring the imposition of  tariffs and aimed to maintain US advantages in bilateral competition, has severely  affected the mainly export-driven East Asian economies. Building a developed  market through internal economic integration will be an effective path for East  Asian countries to achieve sustainable growth.

As a major economic pillar of its overall Indo-Pacific strategy, the US competitive  infrastructure investment in the Indo-Pacific is a crucial leverage to conduct  comprehensive strategic competition with China. In the future, China’s Belt and  Road cooperation are bound to confront growing competition from the US and  the negative effect of US political intervention.

Through infrastructure cooperation in the Indo-Pacific, India and Japan are  attempting to synergize their development policies and diplomatic strategies, with  an eye to balancing China’s growing influence in the region. This has brought a  new dimension to the China-India-Japan trilateral relationship with implications  for regional stability and development.

Cooperation in the maritime economy creates a new engine for economic growth of  BRICS countries, and serves for BRICS to participate in global ocean governance  and promote its transformation. BRICS countries should make innovations based  on existing outcomes, and explore a sustainable path for maritime economic  development and cooperation.

The maritime cooperation between India and Vietnam has been deepening on a  regular and institutionalized basis with specific achievements. It stems not only from  the continuation of their respective foreign policies, but also from their shared interests  in the face of China’s growing influence in the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean.